The medical argument for circumcision has been rooted in the idea that it is necessary for hygiene and prophylaxis. Victorian authorities equated carnality with various diseases and deemed unanesthetized circumcision a salutary aversion therapy against masturbation. Since then, the foreskin has been linked to an entirely new set of perils, from urinary tract infections to cervical cancer in the female partners of circumcised men. Nowadays, the primary argument against foreskin removal relates to AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases..